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Neonatal Conjunctivitis

Signs/Symptoms

Causes

  • Bacteria (36%)
    • Staphylococcus aureus 16%
    • Moxarella catarrhalis 9%
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae 3%
    • Pseudomonus aeruginosa- rare
    • Nisseria gonorrhoeae (0.4 per 100,000)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis (<40%)
  • Viral (5%)
    • Rhinovirus 2.4%
    • Adenovirus 1.8%
    • Bocavirus 0.6%
    • Herpes simplex

Diagnosis

  • Suspect chlamydial ophthalmia
    • obtain specimin from everted eyelid using Dacron-tipped swab or other specific swab
    • specimin must contain conjunctival cells
    • Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) is the only FDA-cleared non-culture test.
    • Nucleic acid amplification test (PCR) may be used by CLIA approved labs
    • Culture
  • Suspect gonococcal ophthalmia
    • Gram stain of conjunctival exudate looking for gram-negative intracellular diplococci
    • Culture
  • Dual testing of both of the above is recommended