This is an old revision of the document!
Coats' Disease
Background
- Described by Georges Coats (Scotland) in 1908
- Unilateral retinal vascular abnormalities and retinal exudation in young males
- Similar to Leber's descripiton of a similar condition in 1912 called Leber's disease
Clinical Features
- Idiopathic retinal telangiectasia
- Intraretinal and/or subretinal exudation leading to retinal detachment
- Peripheral retinal nonperfusion
- Vitreous relatively normal
- Sporadic
- No systemic abnormalities
- Unilateral (if bilateral second eye is very mildly affected)
- Male in first or second decade of life
- Xanthocoria
Differential Diagnosis
- Retinal tumors
- hemangioblastoma
- retinoblastoma
- choroidal hemangioma
- Exudative vitreoretinopathies
- Retinopathy of Prematuity
- Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy
- Norrie disease
- Other causes of leukocoria
- retinal hemorrhage
- toxocariasis
- persistent fetal vasculature
- coloboma
- endophthalmitis
- CMV retinitis
- toxoplasmosis
Classification
| Stage | Fundus Features | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Retinal telangiectasia only | |
| 2 | Telangiectasia and Exudation Extrafoveal exudation Foveal exudation | |
| A | ||
| B | ||
| 3 | Exudative Retinal Detachment | |
| A | Subtotal detachment | |
| A1 | Extrafoveal | |
| A2 | Foveal | |
| B | Total retinal detachment | |
| 4 | Total retinal detachment and glacuoma | |
| 5 | Advanced end-stage disease (phthisis with pain |