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moebius_syndrome [2015/11/10 03:52] – external edit 127.0.0.1moebius_syndrome [2025/04/18 20:40] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ====== Möbius Syndrome ====== ====== Möbius Syndrome ======
- +    * Described by Möbius as “Congenital Facial Diplegia” with bilateral abducens palsy in 1888
-=====Description===== +
- +
-  * Described by Möbius as “Congenital Facial Diplegia” with bilateral abducens palsy in 1888+
     * Diplegia= symmetrical bilateral palsy     * Diplegia= symmetrical bilateral palsy
- +====Cause====
-=====Cause===== +
   * Pathogenesis is unclear   * Pathogenesis is unclear
   * Deletion/translocation in long arm of chromosome 13 in a few families   * Deletion/translocation in long arm of chromosome 13 in a few families
   * Timing of insult 4-6 weeks gestation when cranial nerve nuclei are rapidly developing   * Timing of insult 4-6 weeks gestation when cranial nerve nuclei are rapidly developing
   * Trauma, illness or toxic exposure   * Trauma, illness or toxic exposure
- +====Clinical Features====
-=====Clinical Features===== +
   * 6th and 7th nerve palsies   * 6th and 7th nerve palsies
     * Usually bilateral but may be asymmetric     * Usually bilateral but may be asymmetric
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     * “Mask-like” facies     * “Mask-like” facies
       * If incomplete palsy- upper division of facial nerve involved       * If incomplete palsy- upper division of facial nerve involved
-====First signs:==== 
-  * Difficulty sucking, drooling, incomplete closure of eyelids 
-  * Lack of smiling response 
-  * Other cranial nerve abnormalities: 
-    * V, IX,X and XII can be involved 
-  * Craniofacial abnormalities 
- 
 ====Other Ocular features:==== ====Other Ocular features:====
   * Small palpebral fissures   * Small palpebral fissures
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   * Tongue hypoplasia   * Tongue hypoplasia
   * Mild Mental retardation   * Mild Mental retardation
- +===First signs:=== 
-=====Evaluation===== +  * Difficulty sucking, drooling, incomplete closure of eyelids 
 +  * Lack of smiling response 
 +  * Other cranial nerve abnormalities: 
 +    * V, IX,X and XII can be involved 
 +  * Craniofacial abnormalities 
 +====Evaluation====
   * Strabismus (Esotropia)   * Strabismus (Esotropia)
   * Amblyopia   * Amblyopia
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         * Usually in late childhood or early adulthood         * Usually in late childhood or early adulthood
         * Often first present with foot drop and claw toe         * Often first present with foot drop and claw toe
- +====Strabismus Management====
-=====Strabismus Management===== +
   * Abnormal Extraocular muscles   * Abnormal Extraocular muscles
     * Hypoplasia, aplasia and fibrous bands     * Hypoplasia, aplasia and fibrous bands