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diabetic_retinopathy [2026/05/26 19:04] – Scott Larsondiabetic_retinopathy [2026/05/26 19:33] (current) – [Table] Scott Larson
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     * For Type II Diabetes     * For Type II Diabetes
       * First eye exam at the time of diagnosis then annually thereafter        * First eye exam at the time of diagnosis then annually thereafter 
-====Ocular manifestations in Children====+====Ocular manifestations possible in Children====
 ===Non-proliferative retinopathy=== ===Non-proliferative retinopathy===
-  * microaneurysms +^ Stage        ^ Fundus Findings                                                                                                                     ^ Progress of Risk to Proliferative Retinopathy  ^ 
-  * intraretinal hemorrhages +| Mild         | Microaneurysms only                                                                                                                 | 6% at 5 years                                  | 
-  * retinal capillary non-perfusion +| Moderatge    | Microaneurysms + hemorrhages, hard exudates, cotton wool spots, venous beading, or IRMA                                             | 18% at 5 years                                 | 
-    * cotton wool spots +| Severe       | 4-2-1 rule (any of the following);hemorrhages in all 4 quadrants, venous beading in ≥2 quadrants, or prominent IRMA in ≥1 quadrant  | 50% in 1 year                                  | 
-    * venous beading +| Very-Severe  | Two or more of the Severe features above                                                                                            | 100% at 4 years in one series                  |
-    * intraretinal vascular abnormalities (IRMA)  +
-    * hard exudates+
 ===Proliferative retinopathy=== ===Proliferative retinopathy===
   * Early PDR    * Early PDR 
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 ===Diabetic macular edema=== ===Diabetic macular edema===
   * Important cause of vision loss associated with capillary non-profusion   * Important cause of vision loss associated with capillary non-profusion
-^ Stage        ^ Fundus Findings                                                                                                                     ^ Progress of Risk to Proliferative Retinopathy  ^ +
-| Mild         | Microaneurysms only                                                                                                                 | 6% at 5 years                                  | +
-| Moderatge    | Microaneurysms + hemorrhages, hard exudates, cotton wool spots, venous beading, or IRMA                                             | 18% at 5 years                                 | +
-| Severe       | 4-2-1 rule (any of the following);hemorrhages in all 4 quadrants, venous beading in ≥2 quadrants, or prominent IRMA in ≥1 quadrant  | 50% in 1 year                                  | +
-| Very-Severe  | Two or move of the Severe features above                                                                                            | 100% at 4 years in one series                  |+
 ====References==== ====References====
   - [[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10725814 |Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. Diabetes Care. 2025;48(Supplement_1):S283-S305. doi:10.2337/dc25-S014.]]   - [[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10725814 |Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. Diabetes Care. 2025;48(Supplement_1):S283-S305. doi:10.2337/dc25-S014.]]